Medieval

2. Stonehenge - Wiltshire, England. Stonehenge Under Nimbostratus Clouds (Image Credit: Pixabay via Pexels). One of England's most popular tourist ...

[Ely Cathedral](https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/ely-cathedral-notable-cathedrals.html) is one of the longest cathedrals in [England](https://www.worldatlas.com/maps/united-kingdom/england). However, a modern, steel reconstruction of the tower opened to the public in 2017. It took ten years to build and was the largest amphitheater in the Roman world. The tower continued to be built until the 14th century and bells were installed in it over the next 400 years. [Great Wall of China](https://www.worldatlas.com/heritage-sites/great-wall-of-china.html) is actually a number of small walls built, rebuilt, and maintained, between the 5th century BC and 16th century AD, to protect China from invaders and enemies. For the next seven hundred years, the citadel remained the seat of the Egyptian government, but in 1860, the ruler moved his residence to a palace in some other area of Cairo. They brought food and drink in the containers but would break them before leaving because they did not want to carry them back for fear of bad luck. Built in prehistoric times, it remains a mystery how the stones were hauled so far, and why. [seven wonders of the ancient world](https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/the-seven-wonders-of-the-ancient-world.html) in 100 BC. It’s likely that the list of Wonders from the Medieval World actually came into being after the medieval period, and some of the sites listed on it were built slightly before it started. The medieval period lasted from around 5 AD to 1500 AD, and many “wonders” from that time still exist and top the bucket lists of travelers from all around the world. Unfortunately, only the [Pyramids](https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/the-most-notable-pyramids-of-egypt.html) of Giza survive from that list today.

Middle Ages artists often used a wafer-thin film of gold supported by a layer of silver to gild sculptures. A further innovation appeared in medieval Europe as ...

“This makes the gold surface of the Zwischgold turn black over time,” Watts explains. The silver can then become oxidized and ruin the beautiful appeal of the material. The gold and silver were first hammered separately to produce thin foil and then the two metal foils were worked together, they explained. A further innovation appeared in medieval Europe as gold was backed by a thicker and cheaper metal (usually silver) so that the expensive gold layer The samples chosen for the study, examined at the Swiss Light Source using modern microscopy techniques, were unusual for the researchers: small bits of material from wooden statues and a 15h-century altar. [gold reflected](https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2022/NR/D2NR03367D#cit1) the splendor of God and was the favorite material of kings and rulers.

3. Psaltery. This harp-like string instrument - widely seen in medieval paintings, manuscripts and sculptures - consisted of plucked gut strings, stretched ...

This small precursor to the organ, played from the 12th to the 16th century, was one of the most popular instruments of its period. A rosined wooden wheel, turned by a crank, produced the sound by setting a number of strings in continuous droning vibration. Particularly associated with representations of King David, the second Israelite king, they were frequently depicted in manuscript illuminations from the 10th century onward. Possessing the characteristic slide of the trombone, but with a narrower bell and softer tone, it was widely used as part of ensembles in England during the medieval period and the two centuries that followed. But there is nothing very 'macabre' about the instrument itself, which uses the same fingering as the recorder and whose gentle sound was often harnessed as part of folk music ensembles. Made in Europe from the 13th century, this loud double-reed woodwind instrument played an important role in dance bands and ensembles for municipal and court ceremonies throughout the medieval period.

The plenary speakers for this year will be Uta-Renate Blumenthal, of the Catholic University of America, and Lia Markey, of the Newberry Library, Chicago. The ...

Submissions are currently open and the deadline for all proposals is December 31, 2022. The Tenth Annual Symposium on Medieval and Renaissance Studies (June 12-14, 2023) is a convenient summer venue in North America for scholars to present papers, organize sessions, participate in roundtables, and engage in interdisciplinary discussion. The Tenth Annual Symposium on Medieval and Renaissance Studies invites proposals for papers, complete sessions, and roundtables.

Saint Louis University, Missouri, the United States has called for papers for the tenth annual symposium on Medieval and Renaissance Studies.

“Submissions are currently open and the deadline for all proposals is December 31, 2022. “The Tenth Annual Symposium on Medieval and Renaissance Studies invites proposals for papers, complete sessions, and roundtables. Scholarly organizations are especially encouraged to sponsor proposals for complete sessions, and organizing at least two sessions in coordination with each other is highly recommended.